Browsing Discussion Papers by Title
Now showing items 355-374 of 1004
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Fiscal and spending behavior of local governments : an empirical analysis based on Norwegian data
(Discussion Papers;No. 196, Working paper, 1997)This paper treats local governments as utility maximizing agents when they allocate resources among different service sectors. We present estimates for eight service sectors, based on a modified version of the extended ... -
Fiscal effects of the Norwegian pension reform – A micro-macro assessment
(Discussion Papers;No. 821 (2015), Working paper, 2015)The main goal of the Norwegian pension reform of 2011 is to improve long run fiscal sustainability, not least through stronger labour supply incentives. We assess to what extent the reform is likely to live up to these ... -
Fiscal expansion, the budget deficit and the economy: Norway 1988-91
(Discussion Paper;No. 91, Working paper, 1993-08)From 1989 fiscal policy in Norway has been expansionary. With the aid of the econometric model MODAG we estimate the size of the change in policy from 1988 to 1991, its final effect on the central government budget, and ... -
Fiscal policy, macroeconomic performance and industry structure in a small open economy
(Discussion Paper;No. 984, Working paper, 2022-07)We analyse how fiscal policy affects both the macroeconomy and the industry structure, using a multi-sector macroeconomic model of the Norwegian economy with an inflation targeting monetary policy. Our simulations show ... -
Fiscal sustainability: Must the problem be diminished before we can see it?
(Discussion Papers;No. 499, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: Assessments of fiscal sustainability (FS) problems should be based on present values of government revenues and expenditures over an infinite horizon. The paper shows that realistic assumptions imply that the ... -
Flexible empirical Bayes estimation of local fertility schedules: reducing small area problems and preserving regional variation
(Discussion Paper;No. 953, Working paper, 2021-04)Reliable local demographic schedules are in high demand, but small area problems pose a challenge to estimation. The literature has directed little attention to the opportunities created by increased availability of ... -
For whom are cities good places to live?
(Discussion papers;910, Working paper, 2019-07)We use survey data to examine whether there are some sociodemographic groups that particularly value the amenities that cities provide. We find that young, single and childless persons and young men with tertiary education ... -
Forecasting key macroeconomic variables from a large number of predictors : a state space approach
(Discussion Papers;No. 504, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: We use state space methods to estimate a large dynamic factor model for the Norwegian economy involving 93 variables for 1978Q2–2005Q4. The model is used to obtain forecasts for 22 key variables that can be ... -
Foreign Control and Norwegian Manufacturing Performance
(Discussion papers;111, Working paper, 1994-04)The intangible asset theory of foreign direct investment holds that firms expand abroad to garner additional returns to intangible assets such as proprietary process or product technology or a strong reputation. I explore ... -
Forward- and backward looking models for Norwegian export prices
(Discussion papers;152, Working paper, 1995-08)The Norwegian export price for an aggregated commodity is modelled assuming price-setting behaviour. The focus is on the choice between backward- and forward looking models. The dynamics is modelled according to three ... -
Fractionality and co-fractionality between Government Bond yields : Implications for the yield curve
(Discussion Papers;No. 838, Working paper, 2016-04-21) -
A Framework for analyzing rank ordered panel data with application to automobile demand
(Discussion Papers;No. 480, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: In this paper we develop a framework for analyzing panel data with observations on rank ordered alternatives that allows for correlated random taste shifters across time and across alternatives. As a special ... -
From Classes to Copulas: Wages, capital, and top incomes
(Discussion Papers;No. 876, Working paper, 2018-06-04)Public debates about the rise in top income shares often focus on the growing dispersion in earnings, and the soaring pay for top executives and financial-sector employees. But can the change in the marginal distribution ... -
From data to levy design : the five stages of implementing housing taxes
(Discussion Papers; 596, Working paper, 2009)Taxes on housing consumption have attractive features. They can enhance overall efficiency, function as automatic stabilizers, and work progressively. Implementation, however, requires a careful balance between economic ... -
From Growth Theory to Technology Policy - Coordination Problems in Theory and Practice
(Discussion Paper;No. 219, Working paper, 1998-04)Economists, in particular Bresnahan and Trajtenberg (1995), have recently drawn attention to the importance of generic or general purpose technologies (GPTs) and their significance for economic growth. An interesting part ... -
From natural resources and environmental accounting to construction of indicators for sustainable development
(Discussion Papers;No. 478, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: Norway has a long history in trying to develop management tools for sustainable development. From the early development of natural resources accounts in the 1980’s, through discussions of the usefulness of ... -
Fuel choice and the demand for natural gas in Western European households
(Discussion Paper;No. 23, Working paper, 1987)The paper presents an econometric model for analysing natural gas demand for space heating in the residential sector in Weste rn Europe. A discrete-continuous • dynamic choice model is specified. Households' decisions ... -
Fuel efficiency improvements – feedback mechanisms and distributional effects in the oil market
(Discussion Papers;No. 839, Working paper, 2016-04-25)We study the interactions between fuel efficiency improvements in the transport sector and the oil market, where the efficiency improvements are policy-induced in certain regions of the world We are especially interested ... -
Fundamental determinants of the long run real exchange rate: The case of Norway
(Discussion Papers;No. 326, Working paper, 2002)Abstract: Modelling the Norwegian exchange rate against a basket of currencies, we find a robust long-term link between the real exchange rate and real interest differential that is consistent with purchasing power parity ... -
Future waste generation : forecasts based on a macroeconomic model
(Discussion Papers;No. 175, Working paper, 1996)Generation of solid waste is closely associated with the use of tangible factor inputs and production levels in the economy. In this paper, we present projections of waste generated in the Norwegian manufacturing industry ...