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Back to background risk?
(Discussion Papers;No. 834, Working paper, 2016-02-01)Estimating the effect of background risk on individual financial choices faces two challenges. Estimating the effect of background risk on individual financial choices faces two challenges. First, the identification of ... -
Base independence in the analysis of tax policy effects: with an application to Norway 1992–2004
(Discussion Papers;No. 434, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: The analysis contrasts results of two recently expounded micro-level data approaches to derive robust intertemporal characterizations of redistributional effects of income tax schedules; the fixedincome procedure ... -
Becoming “We” instead of “I”. Identity management and incentives in the workplace
(Discussion papers;760, Working paper, 2013-10)This article studies how a firm fosters formal and informal interaction among its employees to create a collective identity and positively influence their effort. We develop an agency model, in which employees have both a ... -
Behavioral multistate duration models : what should they look like?
(Discussion Papers;No. 688, Working paper, 2012)Abstract: This paper discusses how specification of probabilistic models for multistate duration data generated by individual choices should be justified on a priori theoretical grounds. Preferences are assumed represented ... -
A Behavioral two-sex marriage model
(Discussion Papers;No. 238, Working paper, 1998)In this paper we discuss a particular marriage model, i.e., a model for the number of marriages for each age combination as a function of the vectors of the number of single men and women in each age group. The model is ... -
Benefits of climate policies: Some tentative calculations
(Discussion Paper;No. 69, Working paper, 1992-03)Consequences for the Norwegian economy of an active policy against anthropogenic climate change can be analyzed by use of an economic model evaluating the differences between a reference scenario without control policies ... -
Beyond Kyoto : CO2 permit prices and the markets for fossil fuels
(Discussion Papers;No. 258, Working paper, 1999)This paper analyses the markets for fossil fuels given that the limits that the Kyoto Protocol sets on CO2 emissions from Annex B countries extend beyond 2008-2012. To our knowledge we are the first to apply a forward-looking ... -
Beyond LATE with a discrete instrument. Heterogeneity in the quantity-quality interaction of children
(Discussion papers;703, Working paper, 2012-09)The interpretation of instrumental variables (IV) estimates as local average treatment effects (LATE) of instrument-induced shifts in treatment raises concerns about their external validity and policy relevance. We examine ... -
Biofuel mandate versus favourable taxation of electric cars. The case of Norway
(Discussion papers;745, Working paper, 2013-06)This study investigates whether biofuel policies or favourable taxation of electric cars should be employed to satisfy a green house gas emission target connected to private transport within the Norwegian economy. The study ... -
Birds of a feather flock together : the impact of choice of spouse on family labor income inequality
(Discussion Papers;No. 276, Working paper, 2000)This paper discusses the effects of the substantial rise in labor force participation of married women on the level, structure and trend in family labor income inequality. An interesting question is to what extent the rise ... -
Broadband internet and the stock market investments of individual investors
(Discussion Paper;No. 946, Working paper, 2021-01)We study the effects of broadband internet use on the portfolio selection of individual investors. A public program in Norway provides plausibly exogenous variation in internet use. Our instrumental variables estimates ... -
Business cycles and fiscal policy: Norway 1973-93
(Discussion papers;178, Working paper, 1996-08)Effects of fiscal policy on macroeconomic variables during 1973-93 are analysed using a disaggregated macroeconometric model of the Norwegian economy. Fiscal policy is measured as deviations from estimated trends for ... -
Business cycles and oil price fluctuations: Some evidence for six OECD countries
(Discussion Paper;No. 43, Working paper, 1989-02)The correlations between oil-price movements and GNP/GDP fluctuations are investigated for the United States, Canada, West Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Norway. Asymmetric responses to price increases and decreases ... -
Buy to let: Investment buyers in a housing search model
(Discussion Paper;No. 896, Working paper, 2019-02-07)This paper explores and explains how buy-to-let investors affect housing price dynamics In this paper, I explore and explain how buy-to-let investors affect housing price dynamics. The impact of buy-to-let investors on ... -
Calculating the real return of the Norwegian Government Pension Fund Global by alternative measures of the deflator
(Discussion papers;775, Working paper, 2014-04)According to the present guidelines for fiscal policy, the use of oil revenues in the Norwegian economy should over time equal the expected real return on the Government Pension Fund Global (GPFG). An important question ... -
Can a carbon permit system reduce Spanish unemployment?
(Discussion Papers;No. 410, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: This paper addresses the frequently articulated worry for the unemployment impacts of abating CO2 emissions. The Spanish economy is ridden by unemployment rates well above the EU average. At the same time the ... -
Can a cash transfer to families change fertility behaviour?
(Discussion papers;800, Working paper, 2015-02)This paper assesses the relationship between cash transfers to families and subsequent childbearing. We take advantage of a cash-for-care (CFC) policy introduced in Norway in 1998, and compare the fertility behaviour of ... -
Can non-market regulations spur innovations in environmental technologies? A study on firm level patenting
(Discussion papers;754, Working paper, 2013-09)This paper provides new evidence on the role of non-market based (“command-and-control”) regulations in relation to innovations in environmental technologies. While pricing is generally considered the first-best policy ... -
Can the acceptance of a carbon tax be increased? The effect of tax revenue recycling and redistribution among households and companies
(Discussion Papers;995, Working paper, 2023-01)Effective carbon taxation is essential to achieving the green transition. However, there is typically stiff opposition to carbon taxation due to perceived or actual adverse equity and other impacts. Hence, a better ... -
Can the child penalty be reduced? - Evaluating multiple policy interventions
(Discussion Paper;No. 983, Working paper, 2022-07)Children cause large earnings drops for mothers but not fathers, a stylized fact known as the “child penalty” that explains a substantial portion of remaining gender income gaps. Can policy reduce the child penalty? We ...