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Decomposition of rank-dependent measures of inequality by subgroups
(Discussion Papers;No. 437, Working paper, 2005)The purpose of additive subgroup decomposition is to study the relationship between overall inequality and inequality within and between population subgroups defined by variables like gender, age, education and region ... -
Decomposition of the gini coefficient by income components : various types of applications and interpretations
(Discussion Papers;No. 182, Working paper, 1996)This paper aims at clarifying the notion "overall distributive effect" of an income component or a policy proposal and moreover discusses various approaches for assessing the distributional impact of the components of total ... -
Demographic forecasting with a dynamic stochastic microsimulation model
(Discussion Paper;No. 85, Working paper, 1993-03)This paper summarizes some of the main features of demographic microsimulatiori modeling, including a comparison with other demographic forecasting techniques. It also presents a dynamic stochastic microsimulation model, ... -
Depletion of Fossil Fuels and the Impacts of Global Warming
(Discussion papers;107, Working paper, 1994-02)This paper combines the theory of optimal extraction of exhaustible resources with the theory of greenhouse externalities, to analyse problems of global warming when the supply side is considered. The optimal carbon tax ... -
Depletion of large gas fields with thin oil layers and uncertain stocks
(Discussion Paper;No. 27, Working paper, 1987-12-09)The optimal depletion policy for a combined oil and gas field is studied under the assumption that if oil is to be extractéd, it has to be depleted before production of gas can start. In particular, focus is put on ... -
Depreciation profiles and the user cost of capital
(Discussion Papers;No. 6, Working paper, 1985-04-01) -
Deregulation of electricity markets—The Norwegian experience
(Discussion Papers;No. 433, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: In this paper, we describe the approach to, and experience of, the deregulation and liberalisation of the Norwegian electricity sector from 1991. The Norwegian electricity market was subsequently integrated ... -
Designing an electricity tax system in presence of international regulations and multiple public goals : an empirical assessment
(Discussion Papers;No. 555, Working paper, 2008)Abstract: The European competition rules restrict governments’ opportunity to differentiate terms of energy accessibility among firms and industries. This easily runs counter with regional and industrial goals of national ... -
Designing optimal taxes with a microeconometric model of household labour supply
(Discussion Papers;No. 475, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present an exercise where we identify optimal income tax rules under the constraint of fixed tax revenue. To this end, we estimate a microeconomic model with 78 parameters that ... -
Desistance from crime. How much can be explained by life course transitions?
(Discussion papers;791, Working paper, 2014-11)Objectives: Previous studies have argued that marriage, parenthood and employment are important factors that lead to desistance from crime. However, the effects of these events only apply to those experiencing them and do ... -
Determinants of long-term interest rates in the Scandinavian countries
(Discussion Papers;No. 469, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: The financial markets in a small open economy like the Scandinavian countries are influenced by international economic developments, especially in their major trading partners. This paper investigates to which ... -
Developing economies and international investors. Do investment promotion agencies bring them together?
(Discussion Papers;No. 513, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: Many countries spend significant resources on investment promotion agencies (IPAs) in the hope of attracting inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Despite the importance of this question for public policy ... -
Did Norway gain from the 1979-85 oil price shock?
(Discussion Papers;No. 210, Working paper, 1998)Macroeconomic effects of the high oil prices in the period 1979-85 for the Norwegian economy are considered. An alternative low oil price scenario is developed and effects of the oil shock are calculated as the deviation ... -
Didactic methods and small-group instruction for low-performing adolescents in mathematics: Results from a randomized controlled trial
(Discussion Paper;No. 957, Working paper, 2021-06)Can high-dosage tutoring help low-performing adolescents? We implement a randomized experiment to test a twofold intervention: A teacher training program customized for instructing 8th graders who perform poorly in mathematics ... -
Differences in childbearing by time frame of fertility intention. A study using survey and register data from Norway
(Discussion papers;781, Working paper, 2014-06)This paper focuses on the realization of positive fertility intentions with different time frames. The analyses are based on a unique combination of survey data and information from Norwegian administrative registers on ... -
Differences in Learning and Inequality
(Discussion Papers;No. 457, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: Rapid growth in productivity combined with increasing wage dispersion in some countries, notably Anglo-Saxon, has been the subject of numerous studies. The main hypothesis in the literature is that an increased ... -
Diffusion of climate technologies in the presence of commitment problems
(Discussion papers;768, Working paper, 2014-01)Publicly announced GHG mitigation targets and emissions pricing strategies by individual governments may suffer from inherent commitment problems. When emission prices are perceived as short-lived, socially cost-effective ... -
Direct and indirect effects of reducing so 2 emissions: experimental calculations on the msg 4e model
(Discussion Paper;No. 20, Working paper, 1986-12-15)Preliminery estimates of impacts of regulating SO emissions from manufacturing sectors are made. Only emissions pertaining 2 to fuel use are included in the regulation. Direct and indirect effects are considered and it ... -
Direct load control of residential water heaters
(Discussion Papers;No. 479, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: In Norway there is a growing concern that electricity production and transmission may not meet the demand in peak-load situations. It is therefore important to evaluate the potential of different demand side ... -
Directed technical change and the resource curse
(Discussion Paper;No. 991, Working paper, 2022-09)The "resource curse" is a potential threat to all countries relying on export income from abundant natural resources such as fossil fuels. The early literature hypothesized that easily accessible natural resources would ...