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dc.contributor.authorBöhringer, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorRosendahl, Knut Einar
dc.contributor.authorStorrøsten, Halvor Briseid
dc.coverage.spatialNorgenb_NO
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-08T11:41:32Z
dc.date.available2019-07-08T11:41:32Z
dc.date.issued2015-10
dc.identifier.issn1892-753X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2603737
dc.descriptionAll three authors are affiliated with the Oslo Centre for Research on Environmentally friendly Energy (CREE) and appreciate financial support from the Research Council of Norway through CREE.nb_NO
dc.description.abstractUnilateral climate policy induces carbon leakage through the relocation of emission-intensive and trade-exposed industries to regions with no or more lenient emission regulation. Both analytical and numerical studies suggest that emission pricing combined with border carbon adjustment is a second-best instrument, and more cost-effective than output-based rebating, in which case domestic output is indirectly subsidized. No country has so far imposed border carbon adjustment, while variants of output-based rebating have been implemented. In this paper we show that combining output-based rebating for emission-intensive and trade-exposed goods with a consumption tax on the same goods can be equivalent with border carbon adjustment. Moreover, we demonstrate that it is welfare improving for a region which has already implemented emission pricing along with outputbased rebating to also introduce such a consumption tax. We conclude that supplementing outputbased rebating with a consumption tax constitutes smart hedging against carbon leakage: Compared to output-based rebating stand-alone it constitutes a robust strategy for improving cost-effectiveness of unilateral climate policy; compared to border carbon adjustment it limits the risks of potentially detrimental trade disputes.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherStatistisk sentralbyrånb_NO
dc.relation.ispartofseriesDiscussion papers;No.822
dc.subjectCarbon leakagenb_NO
dc.subjectOutput-based rebatingnb_NO
dc.subjectBorder carbon adjustmentnb_NO
dc.subjectConsumption taxnb_NO
dc.titleSmart hedging against carbon leakagenb_NO
dc.typeWorking papernb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber44 s.nb_NO


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