Browsing Statistisk sentralbyrå by Document Types "Working paper"
Now showing items 341-360 of 1336
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Encompassing tests for evaluating multi-step system forecasts invariant to linear transformations
(Discussion Papers;No. 871, Working paper, 2018-02-12)The paper suggests two encompassing tests for evaluating multi-step system forecasts invariant to linear transformations. An invariant measure for forecast accuracy is necessary as the conclusions otherwise can depend ... -
Endogenous housing market cycles
(Discussion Papers;No. 458, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: Housing markets tend to display both positive serial correlation as well as a considerable volatility over time. We present a stochastic model illustrating the connection between adaptive expectations and ... -
Endogenous preferences and environmental policy
(Discussion Paper;No. 964, Working paper, 2021-10)This paper investigates environmental policy in the presence of endogenous preferences. The optimal time trajectory is achieved if and only if the consumer is perfectly time-consistent. The suboptimal trajectories do not ... -
Endringer i arealbruk og grøntstruktur i Oslo og Akershus. Geografiske analyser basert på kartdata og satellittbilder
(Working paper, 2020-03-16)Formålet med dette prosjektet er å se på utvikling i grøntstruktur i Oslo og Akershus, og hvordan den påvirkes av en politikk som tilsier tettere og mer effektiv utbygging innen urbane områder. -
Energibruk i industrien. Dokumentasjon av statistikken
(Notater / Documents;2016/13, Working paper, 2016-06-10)Formålet med statistikken er å synliggjøre energibruken innenfor industri og bergverksdrift. Foruten årlig statistikkpublisering benyttes statistikken i stor grad av offentlig virksomhet, i ulike analysemiljøer og av ... -
Energiregnskap og -balanse. Dokumentasjon av statistikkproduksjonen fra statistikkår 1990 og fremover
(Notater / Documents;2018/45, Working paper, 2018-11-26)Formålet med dette notatet er å gi en beskrivelse av statistikkproduksjonen for energiregnskap og energibalanse (ER/EB). Statistikkproduksjonen har gjennomgått en betydelig omlegging med endringer i datagrunnlag, metoder ... -
Energiregnskap og -balanse. Dokumentasjon av statistikkproduksjonen fra statistikkår 2010 og fremover
(Notater / Documents;2017/26, Working paper, 2017-06-17)Notatet beskriver statistikkproduksjonen for energiregnskap og energibalanse (ER/EB). Formålet med dette notatet er å gi en beskrivelse av statistikkproduksjonen for energiregnskap og energibalanse (ER/EB). Statistikk ... -
Energy flexibility and technological progress with multioutput production : application on Norwegian pulp and paper industries
(Discussion Papers;No. 318, Working paper, 2002)Abstract: We analyse the energy flexibility and technological change in the pulp and paper industry by applying a multioutput production function. The pulp and paper industry mostly consists of heterogeneous firms. They ... -
Energy price changes, and induced scrapping and revaluation of capital a putty clay approach
(Discussion Papers;No. 16, Working paper, 1986-09-15)The paper presents a framework for analyzing the effect of unanticipated energy price changes on the firms' plans for scrapping of capital and on the induced changes in the value of capital. A putty-clay vintage model with ... -
Energy taxation in a small, open economy : efficiency gains under political restraints
(Discussion Papers;No. 387, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: Welfare analyses of energy taxes typically show that systems with uniform rates perform better than differentiated systems, especially if revenue increases can be recycled via cuts in more distortionary taxes. ... -
Engel elasticities, pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation and bootstrapped standard errors : a case study
(Discussion Papers;No. 532, Working paper, 2008)Abstract: Estimation of standard errors of Engel elasticities within the framework of a linear structural model formulated on two-wave panel data is considered. The complete demand system is characterized by measurement ... -
Engel functions, panel data and latent variables
(Discussion Paper;No. 41, Working paper, 1988-12)A system of consumer expenditure functions is estimated from Norwegian household budget data. Specific features o f our approach are: (I) Panel data on individual households are used, which offer far richer opportunities ... -
Engel functions, panel data, and latent variables - with Detailed Results
(Discussion Paper;No. 89, Working paper, 1993-06)A system of consumer expenditure functions is estimated from Norwegian household budget data. Specific features of the approach are: (i) Panel data from individual households are used, which offer far richer opportunities ... -
Enhetsregisteret og organisasjonsnummeret. 20-års jubilant med suksess
(Notater / Documents;2015/34, Working paper, 2015-09)Innføring av organisasjonsnummer og etablering av Enhetsregisteret 1. mars 1995 gjorde innsamlingen av informasjon om landets virksomheter enklere, samordnet og mer effektiv å bruke. Ordningen vekket internasjonal oppmerksomhet ... -
Entry into work following childbirth among mothers in Norway. Recent trends and variation
(Discussion papers;702, Working paper, 2012-09)Universal parental leaves with job protection and earnings compensation increase women’s attachment to the labour market, but very long leaves may have negative consequences both at the individual and the societal level. ... -
Environmental indicators
(Discussion Paper;No. 71, Working paper, 1992-04)The report discusses possible logical structures and content of a set of environmental indicators for Norway. The emphasis is on structure; proposals for specific indicators and data presented are of a more preliminary nature. -
Environmental risk and the precautionary principle. “Late lessons from early warnings” applied to genetically modified plants
(Discussion Papers;No. 398, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: The environmental risk associated with genetically modified organisms (GMO) implies that new approaches to risk assessment, risk management and risk communication are needed. In this paper we discuss the role ... -
Environmental tax reform and producer foresight : an intertemporal computable general equilibrium analysis
(Discussion Papers;No. 185, Working paper, 1996)This paper analyses the non-environmental welfare costs of an environmental tax reform using a numerical intertemporal general equilibrium model for the Norwegian economy. The tax reform is revenue neutral such that an ... -
EPA's new emissions trading mechanism : a laboratory evaluation : a comment
(Discussion Papers;No. 213, Working paper, 1998)In the US tradable SO2 permit scheme 97.2 per cent of the permits are grandfathered annually to electricity utilities. The remaining 2.8 per cent are withheld and offered for sale at the Environmental Protection Agency ... -
Equal predictability test for multi-step-ahead system forecasts invariant to linear transformations
(Discussion Paper;No. 931, Working paper, 2020-05)The paper derives a test for equal predictability of multi-step-ahead system forecasts that is invariant to linear transformations. The test is a multivariate version of the Diebold-Mariano test. An invariant metric for ...