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Er utslippene til luft lavere i dag enn for 50 år siden?
(Journal article, 2001)Det er blitt hevdet at økonomisk vekst fører til stadig større forurensing av naturen. I denne artikkelen estimeres en del norske miljøutslipp tilbake til mellomkrigsårene. Til tross for at Norge har opplevd økonomisk vekst ... -
Er vi egentlig så dårlige til å regne?
(Journal article, 2005-06)Norske skoleelevers svake matematikkresultater har vakt oppsikt og skapt debatt om det norske skolesystemet. Nye resultater fra en internasjonal undersøkelse om tallforståelse i voksenbefolkningen gir en mer smigrende norsk ... -
Er vi villig til å ta oss av gamle mor og far? : holdninger til ansvar for gamle foreldre, i syv europeiske land
(Journal article, 2009)Hva skjer med voksne barns forpliktelse overfor eldre foreldre i en tid da de eldres andel av befolkningen øker? Sammenlignbare data fra utvalgte land i Øst- og Vest-Europa viser at ansvarsnormene står langt svakere i Norge ... -
Errors in Variables and Panel Data: The Labour Demand Response to Permanent changes in Output
(Discussion papers;125, Working paper, 1994-08)This paper examines panel data modelling with latent variables in analyzing log-linear relations between inputs and output of firms. Our particular focus is on (i) the "increasing returns to scale puzzle" for labour input ... -
Escaping the resource curse and the Dutch Disease? : when and why Norway caught up with and forged ahead of its neighbors
(Discussion Papers;No. 377, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: In the 1960s, Norway lagged behind its Scandinavian neighbors in the aggregate value of economic production per capita, as it had for decades. By the 1990s, Norway had caught up with and forged ahead of Denmark ... -
Estimates for small area compositions subjected to informative missing data
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2009)Abstract Estimation of small area (or domain) compositions may suffer from informative missing data, if the probability of missing varies across the categories of interest as well as the small areas. We develop a double ... -
Estimating and restricting growth rates and cointegrationmeans : with applications to consumption and money demand
(Discussion Papers;No. 309, Working paper, 2001)Abstract: The parameters in the cointegration vector and the loading parameters are not the only interesting parameters in a vector cointegration model. With a reformulation of the model the intercept parameters can be ... -
Estimating change in a proportion by combining measurements from a true and a fallible classifier
(Discussion Paper;No. 30, Working paper, 1988-03)Consider a binary classification of a large population at two points in time. The classification is observed with error for the whole population using a fallible classifier and without error for a random sample using an ... -
Estimating consumption and changes in stock applying micro expenditure data
(Discussion Papers; 575, Working paper, 2009)The consumption of storable goods does not necessarily equal purchases during a period because of changes in stock. In many cases, we have information about expenditures only, not consumption. A method is developed to ... -
Estimating core inflation : the role of oil price shocks and imported inflation
(Discussion Papers;No. 200, Working paper, 1997)This paper calculates core inflation, by imposing long run restrictions on a structural vector autoregression (VAR) model containing the growth rate of output, inflation and oil prices. Core inflation is identified as ... -
Estimating emissions of NMVOC from solvent and other product use : Revised model
(Rapporter;2009/14, Report, 2009-03-31)This report is the end product of a project revising the Norwegian emission calculations of NMVOCs1 from the use of solvents and other products. The development of a new emission model started in 2007, and the results will ... -
Estimating energy demand elasticities for OECD countries. A dynamic panel data approach
(Discussion Papers;No. 373, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: This paper estimates price and GDP/income elasticities of several energy goods in OECD countries over 1978 to 1999 by applying the one-step GMM estimation method suggested by Arellano and Bond (1991) to a panel ... -
Estimating latent total consumption in a household
(Discussion Papers;No. 324, Working paper, 2002)Abstract: This article presents a new way of estimating latent total consumption in a household that may improve the accuracy of studies into permanent income and consumption inequality. While the frequently used total ... -
Estimating long-run income inequality from mixed tabular data: Empirical evidence from Norway, 1875-2017
(Discussion Paper;No. 928, Working paper, 2020-05)Most evidence on the long-run evolution of income inequality is restricted to top income shares. While this evidence is relevant and important for studying the concentration of economic power, it is incomplete as an ... -
Estimating occupational mobility with covariates
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-08)The Altham statistic is often used to calculate intergenerational associations in occupations in studies of historical social mobility. This paper presents a method to incorporate individual covariates into such estimates ... -
Estimating occupational mobility with covariates
(Discussion papers;804, Working paper, 2015-03)The Altham statistic is often used to calculate intergenerational associations in occupations in studies of historical social mobility. This paper presents a method to incorporate individual covariates into such estimates ... -
Estimating Seemingly Unrelated Regression Models from Incomplete Cross-Section / Time-Series Data
(Rapporter;1981/33, Report, 1981-11-26)Most of the theoretical contributions to models for handling combined cross-section/time-series data are based on the assumption that complete time-series of equal length exist for all observation units. This paper is ... -
Estimating the additionality of R&D subsidies using proposal evaluation data to control for firms’ R&D intentions
(Discussion papers;729, Working paper, 2012-12)Empirical examination of whether R&D subsidies to private firms crowd out private investments has been hampered by problems related to selection. A particular worry is that research intentions and the quality of current ... -
Estimating the elasticity of taxable income when earnings responses are sluggish
(Discussion Paper;No. 926, Working paper, 2020-04)Estimates of the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is conventionally obtained by “stacking” three-year overlapping differences in the estimation. In effect, this means that the ETI estimate is an average of first-, second-, ... -
Estimating the returns to schooling : a likelihood approach based on normal mixtures
(Discussion Papers;No. 567, Working paper, 2008)Abstract: In this paper we develop likelihood based methods for statistical inference in a joint system of equations for the choice of length of schooling and earnings. The model for schooling choice is assumed to be ...