Discussion Papers
Recent Submissions
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Have inflation targeting and EU labour immigration changed the system of wage formation in Norway
(Discussion papers;No.824, Working paper, 2015-10)Collective agreements have played a central role in the system of wage formation in Norway for more than fifty years. Although the degree of coordination achieved has been variable, pattern wage bargaining has been a ... -
Smart hedging against carbon leakage
(Discussion papers;No.822, Working paper, 2015-10)Unilateral climate policy induces carbon leakage through the relocation of emission-intensive and trade-exposed industries to regions with no or more lenient emission regulation. Both analytical and numerical studies suggest ... -
Fiscal effects of the Norwegian pension reform: A micro-macro assessment
(Discussion papers;No.821, Working paper, 2015-10)The main goal of the Norwegian pension reform of 2011 is to improve long run fiscal sustainability, not least through stronger labour supply incentives. We assess to what extent the reform is likely to live up to these ... -
Union dissolution and childlessness: New insights from sequence analysis
(Discussion papers;823, Working paper, 2015-10)This study investigates how the association between union dissolution and childlessness depends on life course context. Data on union histories and fertility are taken from the Norwegian GGS. To observe union histories up ... -
Life time pension benefits relative to life time contributions
(Discussion papers;825, Working paper, 2015-10)Over the life course members of an insurance system normally will contribute by payments when in working age, and later receive pension benefits as e.g. disabled or old-age pensioners. Total expected discounted contributions ... -
Labor Market Institutions and Wage Inequality in the OECD countries
(Discussion papers;826, Working paper, 2015-10)In this paper we attempt to investigate the effect on income inequality of some recent trends in the labour market, changes in regulations of temporary positions and the surge in immigration in many EU-countries. The ... -
Resource Rent in Norwegian Fisheries: Trends and policies
(Discussion papers;No. 827, Working paper, 2015-11)A nation’s natural-resources wealth can be estimated via the System of National Accounts (SNA). Because the values of all parameters entering the calculation are conditional on the existing management regime, the optimal ... -
Public acceptance and willingness to pay cost-effective taxes on red meat and road traffic in Norway
(Discussion papers;909, Working paper, 2019-06)The Norwegian high-level Green Tax Commission proposes inter alia cost-effective taxes on red meat and increased toll charges on road traffic to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and local air pollution, respectively. ... -
The costs of taxation in the presence of inequality
(Discussion papers;908, Working paper, 2019-06)This paper provides a new and improved measure of the marginal cost of public funds (MCF). It is based on a benchmark tax which is distributionally neutral and non-distortive. This is in contrast to the MCF-measure used ... -
The consumption Euler equation or the Keynesian consumption function?
(Discussion papers;904, Working paper, 2019-04)We formulate a general cointegrated vector autoregressive (CVAR) model that nests both a class of consumption Euler equations and various Keynesian type consumption functions. Using likelihoodbased methods and Norwegian ... -
Search behavior, aggregate rationality and the discouraged worker effect
(Discussion papers;906, Working paper, 2019-04)Discouraged workers are those who have given up search due to (perceived) low chances of obtaining work. In this paper we first develop a model for the probability of being in the labor force as a function of the probability ... -
Efficient taxation of fuel and road use
(Discussion papers;905, Working paper, 2019-04)This study calculates efficient taxes on fuel and road use designed to combat driving related externalities. The study shows that the efficient road user charge on fuel is below the marginal mileage-related damage to prevent ... -
The paradox of the unhappy, growing city: reconciling evidence
(Discussion papers;907, Working paper, 2019-05)This paper attempts to explain why large cities tend to score low on indices of happiness/life satisfaction, while at the same time experiencing population growth. Using Norwegian survey and register data, we show that ... -
Vehicle-to-Grid: Impacts on the electricity market and consumer cost of electric vehicles
(Discussion papers;903, Working paper, 2019-04)Higher battery storage capacity in electric vehicles (EV) can potentially serve two purposes: First, the larger the capacity, the less need for inconvenient recharging during long trips. Second, the larger the capacity, ... -
Collusive tax evasion by employers and employees. Evidence from a randomized field experiment in Norway
(Discussion Paper;No. 891, Working paper, 2018-12-27)Third-party reporting and employers’ tax withholding are powerful compliance mechanisms, as long as the employer and employee do not collude to evade. Using data from randomly assigned on-site audits among 2,462 Norwegian ... -
Challenges in predicting poverty trends using survey to survey imputation. Experiences from Malawi
(Discussion Paper;No. 900, Working paper, 2019-03-23)Poverty in low-income countries is usually measured with large and infrequent household surveys. A challenge is to find methods to measure poverty more frequently. The objective of this study is to test a method for ... -
Regional variation in healthcare utilization and mortality
(Discussion Paper;No. 890, Working paper, 2018-12-12)Geographic variation in healthcare utilization has raised concerns of possible inefficiencies in healthcare supply, as differences are often not reflected in health outcomes. Using comprehensive Norwegian microdata, we ... -
High school dropout for marginal students: Evidence from randomized exam form
(Discussion Paper;No. 894, Working paper, 2019-03-06)We exploit the assignment of exam form in a high-stakes Norwegian high school exam to estimate the impact of exam form on exam results, later school performance, graduation and longer run outcomes. Results indicate that ... -
Effects of higher required rates of return on the tax take in an oil province
(Discussion Paper;No. 892, Working paper, 2019-01-04)For different reasons the oil companies might apply higher required rates of return than they did some years ago, and this will have consequences for investments and tax revenue in oil provinces. By applying various ... -
Robustness of the Norwegian wage formation system and free EU labour movement: Evidence from wage data for natives
(Discussion Paper;No. 895, Working paper, 2019-02-05)Norway experienced a high immigration flow after the EEA directive in 2004 stating workers right to free movement within the European Union and EEA-countries. There is no clear consensus in the literature on how immigration ...
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