Blar i Statistisk sentralbyrås publikasjonsserier / Published by Statistics Norway på emneord "JEL classification: Q41"
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Accounting for differences in choice opportunities in analyses of energy expenditure
(Discussion Papers;No. 400, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: Zero expenditure poses several challenges when estimating demand systems. Zero expenditure on energy goods occur due to limited opportunity to consume the good or because the household chooses not to use all ... -
Are high oil prices profitable for OPEC in the long run?
(Discussion Papers;No. 416, Working paper, 2005)High oil prices are favourable for OPEC in the short run, but may undermine its future revenues. We search for the optimal oil price level for the producer group, using a partial equilibrium model for the oil market. The ... -
Cap-and-Trade or carbon taxes? The feasibility of enforcement and the effects of non-compliance
(Discussion Papers;No. 436, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: One of the proposed alternatives to Kyoto’s cap-and-trade approach is a regime based on an internationally harmonized carbon tax. In this paper, we consider and compare the enforcement problems associated with ... -
Carbon leakage from the clean development mechanism
(Discussion Papers;591, Working paper, 2009)The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is an offset mechanism designed to reduce the overall cost of implementing a given target for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in industrialized Annex B countries of the Kyoto Protocol, ... -
Cartelization in gas markets : studying the potential for a "Gas OPEC"
(Discussion Papers;638, Working paper, 2010)Natural gas is increasingly important as a fuel for electric power generation as well as other uses due to its environmental advantage over other fossil fuels. Using the World Gas Model, a large-scale energy equilibrium ... -
Climate policies in a fossil fuel producing country. Demand versus supply side policies
(Discussion papers;747, Working paper, 2013-06)In absence of joint global action, many jurisdictions take unilateral steps to reduce carbon emissions, and the usual strategy is to restrict domestic demand for fossil fuels. The impact on global emissions of such demand ... -
Does oilrig activity react to oil price changes? An empirical investigation
(Discussion Papers;No. 372, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: In this paper we analyse how oilrig activity in different Non-OPEC regions is affected by the crude oil price. Oilrig activity outside OPEC is an important indicator for production in the near future, and ... -
Energy flexibility and technological progress with multioutput production : application on Norwegian pulp and paper industries
(Discussion Papers;No. 318, Working paper, 2002)Abstract: We analyse the energy flexibility and technological change in the pulp and paper industry by applying a multioutput production function. The pulp and paper industry mostly consists of heterogeneous firms. They ... -
Estimating consumption and changes in stock applying micro expenditure data
(Discussion Papers; 575, Working paper, 2009)The consumption of storable goods does not necessarily equal purchases during a period because of changes in stock. In many cases, we have information about expenditures only, not consumption. A method is developed to ... -
Estimating energy demand elasticities for OECD countries. A dynamic panel data approach
(Discussion Papers;No. 373, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: This paper estimates price and GDP/income elasticities of several energy goods in OECD countries over 1978 to 1999 by applying the one-step GMM estimation method suggested by Arellano and Bond (1991) to a panel ... -
Explaining experience curves for LNG liquefaction costs: Competition matter more than learning
(Discussion Papers;No. 393, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: In this paper we seek to identify different driving forces behind the fall in LNG liquefaction unit costs. Our focus is on organizational learning including process specific R&D, but we also seek to account for ... -
Global per capita CO2 emissions - stable in the long run?
(Discussion Papers;No. 438, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: Global per capita CO2 emissions have been relatively stable during the last decades. It has been suggested that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and its scenario makers have ignored this ... -
Households' self-selection of a dynamic electricity tariff
(Discussion Papers;No. 446, Working paper, 2006)Abstract: Offering electricity consumers time-differentiated tariffs may increase demand responsiveness, thereby reducing peak consumption. However, one concern is that time-differentiated tariffs may also attract ... -
How do investments in heat pumps affect household energy consumption?
(Discussion papers;737, Working paper, 2013-04)Increased energy efficiency is often seen as the best way of reducing energy consumption. However, the cost reduction resulting from the efficiency increase can undermine the energy-saving potential of the efficiency ... -
How do Spot prices affect aggregate electricity demand?
(Discussion Papers;No. 527, Working paper, 2008)Abstract: All participants in power exchanges are interested in market responses when electricity prices change because this influences the profitability of actions. Contrary to most econometric work in this field, which ... -
Industry restructuring, OPEC response – and oil price formation
(Discussion Papers;No. 511, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: Increased focus on shareholder returns, capital discipline and return on capital employed (RoACE) caused a slowdown in investment rates and production growth among international oil companies around the turn of ... -
Inflow uncertainty in hydropower markets
(Discussion Papers;No. 520, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: In order to analyse the consequences of uncertainty for prices and efficiency in a hydropower system, we apply a two-period model with uncertainty in water inflow. We study three different market structures, ... -
On the price and volume effects from green certificates in the energy market
(Discussion Papers;No. 351, Working paper, 2003)Abstract: We present a model for an energy market that includes a green certificate for suppliers of energy from renewables and a purchaser commitment to buy these certificates. We show that price and volume effects in ... -
Possibility for hedging from price increases in residential energy demand
(Discussion Papers;No. 347, Working paper, 2003)Abstract: Liberalisation of the Norwegian electricity market has given more short-term variation in the electricity price. Since almost three quarters of Norwegian households have heating equipment using more than one ... -
PPP-correction of the IPCC emission scenarios - does it matter?
(Discussion Papers;No. 366, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: Ian Castles and David Henderson have criticized IPCC’s Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) (IPCC, 2000) for using market exchange rates (MER) instead of purchasing power parities (PPP) when converting ...