Blar i Discussion Papers på emneord "VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Matematikk: 410::Statistikk: 412"
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A Comment on the Environment and Directed Technical Change
(Discussion papers;713, Working paper, 2012-11)The major claim in Acemoglu, Aghion, Bursztyn & Hemous (2012) (AABH) is that subsidies for research and development of clean technologies are more important than carbon taxes when dealing with climate change. However, they ... -
A comparison of the global warming effects of wood fuels and fossil fuels taking albedo into account
(Discussion papers;778, Working paper, 2014-04)Traditionally, wood fuels, like other bioenergy sources, have been considered carbon neutral because the amount of CO2 released can be offset by CO2 sequestration due to the regrowth of the biomass. Thus, until recently, ... -
A dynamic equilibrium analysis of a carbon tax
(Discussion papers;145, Working paper, 1995-06)This paper analyses the effects of a carbon tax on a small open petroleum producing economy, using an aggregate intertemporal general equilibrium model with differentiated products. The long run effects on welfare and ... -
A framework for estimating disequilibrium models with many markets
(Discussion papers;138, Working paper, 1995-02)This paper presents a framework for estimating non-Walrasian models with many markets based on the virtual price approach in Lee (1986). The paper discusses an open economy multi-market non-Walrasian model with many agents ... -
A Generalization of Hall's Specification of the Consumption function
(Discussion papers;121, Working paper, 1994-07)This paper deals with optimal consumption over time. The starting point is a dynamic utility function which is exponential where the exponent is quadratic in the observable consumption outlays. The approach is shown to be ... -
A Kantian approach to sustainable development indicators for climate change
(Discussion papers;718, Working paper, 2012-11)Agenda 21 required countries to develop and regularly update a national set of indicators for sustainable development. Several countries now have such sets also including separate indicators for climate change. Some of ... -
A Note on Post-stratification when Analyzing Binary Survey Data Subject to Non-response
(Discussion papers;218, Working paper, 1998-04)In this paper we follow up two notes of Thomsen (1973, 1978) and present some results on the estimation effect of post-stratification when analyzing binary survey data subject to non-response. Using an alternative ... -
A structural approach for analyzing fiscal equalization
(Discussion papers;715, Working paper, 2012-11)Many countries apply cost-equalization and/or fiscal capacity equalization formulas to enable subnational governments to provide comparable service standards at comparable tax rates. This paper demonstrates how measures ... -
A theory for ranking distribution functions
(Discussion papers;763, Working paper, 2013-11)When is one distribution (of income, consumption, or some other economic variable) more equal or better than another? This question has proven difficult to answer in situations where distribution functions intersect and ... -
Access to treatment and educational inequalities in cancer survival
(Discussion papers;735, Working paper, 2013-02)The public health care systems in the Nordic countries provide high quality care almost free of charge to all citizens. However, social inequalities in health persist. Previous research has, for example, documented substantial ... -
Adjusting maternal mortality data for international comparisons. The case of vital registration systems
(Discussion papers;773, Working paper, 2014-03)Register data on maternal deaths is adjusted in international reports to account for underreporting; however, there has been controversy around these adjustments. The objective of this article is to review the adjustment ... -
Adjusting NNP for instrumental or defensive expenitures: an analytical approach
(Discussion papers;134, Working paper, 1994-12)In this paper we provide a formal analysis to evaluate the subtraction of defensive expenditures from GDP. We consider expenditures that are used to produce non-market goods as candidates for being subtracted from GDP. It ... -
Age at immigration and crime. Findings for male immigrants in Norway
(Discussion papers;728, Working paper, 2012-12)Previous studies have identified an “immigrant paradox” in crime in which crime rates are highest among immigrants who are young when they arrive in the host country, even though social capital and integration in the labour ... -
Aggregation when Markets do not Clear
(Discussion papers;139, Working paper, 1995-02)This paper presents a method for aggregation across markets in a Non-Walrasian model, focusing mainly on labor markets. The method utilizes a probabilistic approach based on aggregating across virtual price functions instead ... -
Are closely-held firms tax shelters?
(Discussion papers;764, Working paper, 2013-11)In 2004 Norwegian authorities announced a reform introducing dividend taxation for personal (but not corporate) owners to take effect starting in 2006. This change provided incentives to maximize dividends in 2004 and 2005, ... -
Are tax exemptions for electric cars an efficient climate policy measure?
(Discussion papers;743, Working paper, 2013-05)This study finds that the welfare gain, excluding environmental effects, generated by increasing the Norwegian tax rate on purchase of electric cars from 8 to 37 percent amounts to approximately 5500-6500 NOK (or 680-820 ... -
Asset market participation and portfolio choice over the life-cycle
(Discussion papers;758, Working paper, 2013-10)We study the life cycle of portfolio allocation following for 15 years a large random sample of Norwegian households using error-free data on all components of households' investments drawn from the Tax Registry. Both, ... -
Assimilation effects on infant mortality among immigrants in Norway
(Discussion papers;741, Working paper, 2013-05)The wellbeing of children of immigrant mothers is of great concern worldwide. In this study, we investigate the relationship between infant mortality and maternal country of origin and whether or not this relationship ... -
Becoming “We” instead of “I”. Identity management and incentives in the workplace
(Discussion papers;760, Working paper, 2013-10)This article studies how a firm fosters formal and informal interaction among its employees to create a collective identity and positively influence their effort. We develop an agency model, in which employees have both a ... -
Beyond LATE with a discrete instrument. Heterogeneity in the quantity-quality interaction of children
(Discussion papers;703, Working paper, 2012-09)The interpretation of instrumental variables (IV) estimates as local average treatment effects (LATE) of instrument-induced shifts in treatment raises concerns about their external validity and policy relevance. We examine ...