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Early retirement provision for elderly displaced workers
(Discussion Paper;No. 985, Working paper, 2022-08)This paper studies the economic effects on re-employment and program substitution behavior among elderly displaced workers who exogenously lose eligibility for their early retirement option. We use detailed Norwegian ... -
Earnings, disposable income, and consumption of allowed and rejected disability insurance applicants
(Discussion papers;803, Working paper, 2015-03)Two key questions in thinking about the size and growth of the disability insurance program are to what extent it discourages work, and how valuable the insurance is to individuals and families. These questions motivate ... -
ECM-algorithms that converge at the rate of EM
(Discussion Papers;No. 244, Working paper, 1999)This paper describes a way of constructing an ECM algorithm such that it converges at the rate of the EM algorithm. The approach is motivated by the well known conjugate directions algorithm, and a special case of it is ... -
Eco-labels, production related externalities and trade
(Discussion Papers;No, 332, Working paper, 2002)Abstract: We analyze the trade and welfare effects of eco-labels in a domestic market with one domestic firm and one foreign firm. Pollution is production related, and the government can choose between including the product ... -
Ecology and economy in the Arctic : uncertainty, knowledge and precaution
(Discussion Papers;No. 525, Working paper, 2007)Abstract: Climate change impacts in the Arctic require that complex relationships between the economy, the environment, and the living conditions of indigenous and local people be taken into account. While traditional ... -
Econometric analysis of labor supply in a life cycle context with uncertainty
(Discussion Papers;No. 21, Working paper, 1987)The paper considers a recent econometric approach for analysing labor supply in a life cycle context. The model we present extends MaCurdy's (1982) model in that the wage rate is assumed to depend on previous labor market ... -
Economic fluctuations in a small open economy – Real versus nominal shocks
(Discussion Papers;No. 215, Working paper, 1998)This paper analyses the role of real and nominal shocks in explaining business cycles in a small open economy like that of Norway. In particular, we study the sources behind real exchange rate fluctuations since the collapse ... -
Education and cancer risk
(Discussion papers;777, Working paper, 2014-04)There exists a strong educational gradient in cancer risk, which has been documented in a wide range of populations. Yet relatively little is known about the extent to which education is causally linked to cancer incidence ... -
The effect of plant closure on crime
(Discussion Papers;593, Working paper, 2009)We estimate the effect of exposure to plant closure on crime using an individual-level panel data set containing criminal charges for all unmarried and employed Norwegian men below the age of 40. Men originally employed ... -
The effect of preschool on the school performance of children from immigrant families : results from an introduction of free preschool in two districts in Oslo
(Discussion Papers;631, Working paper, 2010)Two districts of Oslo started to offer five-year-old children free preschool four hours a day. We analyze the effect of this intervention on the school performance of the children from immigrant families 10 years later ... -
Effective rates of assistance for Norwegian industries
(Discussion papers;147, Working paper, 1995-07)We measure the effective assistance to 17 Norwegian private industries in 1989 and 1991 caused by government budgetary subsidies, indirect commodity taxes, import protection through nominal tariffs and non-tariff barriers, ... -
Effective rates of assistance for Norwegian industries
(Discussion Papers;No. 122, Working paper, 1994)We measure the effective assistance to 18 Norwegian private industries in 1989 caused by government budgetary subsidies, indirect commodity taxes, import protection through nominal tariffs and non-tariff-barriers, price ... -
The effects of benefits on disability uptake
(Discussion Papers; No. 576, Working paper, 2009)I study the effects of the level of disability benefits on disability uptake. Estimation of such effects is difficult because individual levels of disability pension benefits are closely related to individual characteristics ... -
Effects of demographic development, labour supply and pension reforms on the future pension burden
(Discussion Papers;No. 418, Working paper, 2005)Abstract: A much higher old-age dependency ratio together with more generous pension benefits will lead to a substantial increase in the future pension burden in Norway. The challenges of financing the increasing pension ... -
Effects of extended paternity leave on union stability and fertility
(Discussion Paper;No. 899, Working paper, 2019-03-14)Long paternity leaves have the potential for lasting effects on parental unions, potentially reducing specialization and increasing union stability and fertility. We put these hypotheses to a causal test, using an ... -
Effects of family policy reforms in Norway. Results from a joint labor supply and child care choice microsimulation analysis
(Discussion Papers;No. 450, Working paper, 2006)Mothers of preschool children represent one part of the population that might be able to increase its labor supply. We discuss effects of family policy changes that encourage the labor supply of these mothers, as child ... -
Effects of higher required rates of return on the tax take in an oil province
(Discussion Paper;No. 892, Working paper, 2019-01-04)For different reasons the oil companies might apply higher required rates of return than they did some years ago, and this will have consequences for investments and tax revenue in oil provinces. By applying various ... -
Effects of income and the cost of children on fertility. Quasi-experimental evidence from Norway
(Discussion Papers;No. 828, Working paper, 2015-11-30)The relationship between income, cost of childrearing and fertility is of considerable political and theoretical interest. We utilize exogenous variation in family income and the direct cost of children to estimate causal ... -
Effects of inspections on plants' regulatory and environmental performance - evidence from Norwegian manufacturing industries
(Discussion Papers;No. 381, Working paper, 2004)Abstract: The present paper investigates effects of regulatory inspections on compliance and emissions of energy intensive manufacturing plants in Norway. The regression analysis shows that increased probability of ... -
Effects of norms and policy incentives on household recycling : an international comparison
(Discussion Papers; No. 627, Working paper, 2010)Increased household recycling is a policy goal in many countries. Household recycling is, to a large extent, based on voluntary efforts. It is thus interesting to understand the mechanisms behind household voluntary ...